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divided by three

  • 1 divided by three

    Математика: троичный

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > divided by three

  • 2 divided into three

    Математика: троичный

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > divided into three

  • 3 five divided by three

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > five divided by three

  • 4 the window was divided into three partitions

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > the window was divided into three partitions

  • 5 twelve divided by three equals four

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > twelve divided by three equals four

  • 6 divided

    1) разделенный

    2) разделивший
    3) разрезный
    4) секционный
    5) измельченный
    – divided by
    – divided difference
    – divided in groups
    – divided into
    – divided lens
    – divided shaft
    – divided share
    – divided wing
    – finely divided

    divided axle box — разъемная букса


    divided into three — троичный


    divided iron core — сердечник проволочный


    evenly divided scale — равномерная шкала


    finely divided colloid — тонко диспергированный коллоид

    Англо-русский технический словарь > divided

  • 7 divided

    •

    English-Russian scientific dictionary > divided

  • 8 nineteen divided by five makes three, and four over

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > nineteen divided by five makes three, and four over

  • 9 partition

    pɑ:ˈtɪʃən
    1. сущ.
    1) а) расчленение;
    деление, раздел, разделение (процесс) the partition of the Empire ≈ раздел империи Syn: division б) распределение The partition of sovereignty between the State governments that the people created, and the government of the United States. ≈ Разделение власти между народными правительствами штатов и правительствами Соединенных Штатов. Syn: distribution
    2) а) линия раздела, граница The thin partition that divided his mirth and good humour from his anger. ≈ Тонкая граница, которая отделяет его веселье и хорошее настроение от его гнева. б) перегородка, переборка
    3) а) отделение, секция, ячейка;
    отделение (в шкафу, сумке и т. п.) б) составная часть в) воен. подразделение, часть Syn: subdivision, sub-unit
    4) юр. раздел имущества
    2. гл.
    1) а) делить, разделять, расчленять( на отдельные составные части) б) полит. разделять территорию на несколько самостоятельных политических единиц
    2) ставить перегородку ∙ partition off раздел - the * of property раздел имущества - * of India in 1947 раздел Индии в 1947 году разделение, расчленение;
    раздел;
    распределение - the * of sovereignty разделение власти - * of an exercise( спортивное) расчленение упражнения часть, подразделение отделение - a * of a bag карман, отделение сумки, чемодана - the window was divided into three *s окно делилось на три секции комната, помещение( за перегородкой) ячейка перегордка;
    переборка;
    внутренняя стена, простенок - sliding *s раздвижные перегородки - * tile пустотелый кирпич (для внутренних перегородок) - every sound was heard through the thin * через тонкую перегородку был слышен каждый звук грань - a thin * divided his good humour fromhis anger хорошее настроение у него мгновенно сменялось гневом делить, разделять - to * a room into three parts разделить комнату перегородкой на три части ставить перегородку, отделять перегородкой - to * a room with a screen разделить комнату ширмой разделять, расчленять - to * an inheritance делить наследство раздавать;
    распределять, разделять (тж. * out) - they *ed the country among themselves они разделили страну между собой - she *ed out her books она раздала все свои книги disk ~ вчт. разбиение диска master ~ вчт. основной раздел partition делить ~ отделение (в шкафу, сумке и т. п.) ~ перегородка, переборка ~ разбиение ~ раздел ~ раздел (имущества, территории) ~ вчт. раздел ~ разделение ~ разделить ~ вчт. разделять ~ расчленение, разделение ~ расчленение;
    разделение ~ расчленение ~ расчленять, разделять ~ вчт. сегмент ~ ставить перегородку;
    partition off отделять, отгораживать перегородкой ~ часть, подразделение ~ control block вчт. блок управления разделом ~ of fixed disk вчт. раздел жесткого диска ~ of loss agreement соглашение о разделе убытков ~ ставить перегородку;
    partition off отделять, отгораживать перегородкой

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > partition

  • 10 partition

    1. [pɑ:ʹtıʃ(ə)n] n
    1. раздел
    2. разделение, расчленение; раздел; распределение

    partition of an exercise - спорт. расчленение упражнения

    3. часть, подразделение
    4. 1) отделение

    a partition of a bag - карман, отделение сумки, чемодана и т. п.

    the window was divided into three partitions - окно делилось на три секции

    2) комната, помещение (за перегородкой)
    3) ячейка
    5. 1) перегородка; переборка; внутренняя стена, простенок

    every sound was heard through the thin partition - через тонкую перегородку был слышен каждый звук

    2) грань

    a thin partition divided his good humour from his anger - хорошее настроение у него мгновенно сменялось гневом

    2. [pɑ:ʹtıʃ(ə)n] v
    1. 1) делить, разделять

    to partition a room into three parts - разделить комнату перегородкой на три части

    2) ставить перегородку, отделять перегородкой

    to partition a room with /by/ a screen - разделить /перегородить/ комнату ширмой

    2. разделять, расчленять
    3. раздавать; распределять, разделять (тж. partition out)

    they partitioned the country among themselves - они разделили страну между собой

    НБАРС > partition

  • 11 partition

    1. n разделение, расчленение; раздел; распределение
    2. n часть, подразделение
    3. n отделение
    4. n комната, помещение
    5. n ячейка
    6. n перегородка; переборка; внутренняя стена, простенок
    7. n грань
    8. v делить, разделять
    9. v ставить перегородку, отделять перегородкой
    10. v разделять, расчленять
    11. v раздавать; распределять, разделять
    Синонимический ряд:
    1. distribution (noun) allotment; apportionment; distribution; portion; share
    2. part (noun) part; piece; section; segment
    3. separation (noun) detachment; disjunction; dissolution; disunion; division; divorce; divorcement; rupture; separation; split-up
    4. wall (noun) barrier; divider; dividing wall; panel; screen; wall
    5. distribute (verb) allocate; deal; disburse; dispense; disperse; distribute; dole out; lot out; measure out
    6. divide (verb) apportion; deal out; divide; mete out; parcel out; portion; share
    7. fence (verb) fence; wall
    8. part (verb) break up; part; section; segment; separate
    Антонимический ряд:
    attachment; blend; coalition; collection; combination; comprehension; conjunction; connection; gather; gathering; join; juncture; union; unite

    English-Russian base dictionary > partition

  • 12 agency of socialization

    соц. субъект [агентство\] социализации (социальный институт, коллектив, социальная группа или общество, осуществляющие социализацию индивида; напр., семья, школа, средства массовой информации и т. д.)

    The importance of the school as an agency of socialization can be divided into three subtopics: the school and society, the classroom, and the teacher. — Важность школы как субъекта социализации может быть рассмотрена в трех разделах: школа и общество, класс, учитель.

    Syn:
    See:

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > agency of socialization

  • 13 time-of-use rates

    1. дифференцированные по времени тарифы

     

    дифференцированные по времени тарифы
    Расчёт цен на электроэнергию в зависимости от расчётной стоимости электроэнергии в определенный период времени. Дифференцированные по времени тарифы, обычно делятся на три или четыре временных блока за сутки (пиковый, дневной, ночной провал, мини-провал), а также в зависимости от времени года (летний и зимний). Реальные тарифы отличаются от дифференцированных по времени тарифов тем, что они основаны на фактических, а не на расчётных ценах, которые могут колебаться много раз за день и зависеть от погодных условий, а не меняются согласно заранее установленному графику.
    [Англорусский глосарий энергетических терминов ERRA]

    EN

    time-of-use rates
    The pricing of electricity based on the estimated cost of electricity during a particular time block. Time-of-use rates are usually divided into three or four time blocks per twenty-four hour period (on-peak, mid-peak, off-peak and sometimes super off-peak) and by seasons of the year (summer and winter). Real-time pricing differs from time-of-use rates in that it is based on actual (as opposed to forecasted) prices which may fluctuate many times a day and are weather-sensitive, rather than varying with a fixed schedule.
    [Англорусский глосарий энергетических терминов ERRA]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > time-of-use rates

  • 14 Arctic Ocean

    1. Северный Ледовитый океан

     

    Северный Ледовитый океан
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    Arctic Ocean
    The smallest and most poorly studied of the oceans on earth. It covers an area of 14 million square km that is divided by three submarine ridges, i.e. the Alpha Ridge, the Lomonosov Ridge, and an extension of the mid-Atlantic ridge. It is also nearly landlocked, covered year-round by pack ice, and the third of its area is continental shelf. (Source: OCEAN)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Arctic Ocean

  • 15 divide

    [dɪ'vaɪd] 1. гл.
    1) ( divide into) = divide up
    а) делить (на несколько частей, групп), разделять

    to divide into two / three parts — делить на две, три части

    The room was divided into cubicles. — Комната была поделена на отсеки.

    Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians. (Daniel 5: 28) — Разделено царство твоё, и отдано мидянам и персам. (Книга пророка Даниила, гл. 5, ст. 28)

    б) делиться (на несколько частей, групп), разделяться

    The cells began to divide out of control. — Процесс деления клеток вышел из-под контроля.

    The world divided into the idle rich and the labouring poor. — Мир разделился на праздных богачей и трудящихся бедняков.

    After World War II the world divided into two tight blocs, one dominated by the United States and one by the Soviet Union. — После Второй мировой войны мир разделился на два тесно сплочённых блока: в одном доминировали Соединённые штаты, а в другом Советский Союз.

    •
    Syn:
    2) разделяться, разветвляться, идти в разные стороны

    We reached the spot at which our ways divided. — Мы достигли точки, в которой наши пути расходились.

    Syn:
    3) подразделять; делить на группы, классы; классифицировать

    We commonly divide the people into agricultural and manufacturing. (R. W. Hamilton, Popular Education) — Обычно мы делим людей на крестьян и промышленных рабочих.

    Syn:
    4) (divide among / between) = divide up / out делить; распределять

    to divide (up) money / costs / profit equally between smb. — делить деньги / расходы / прибыль поровну между кем-л.

    Divide the cake equally among all the children. — Раздели торт поровну между всеми детьми.

    We should divide up the costs equally between us. — Нам следует поделить расходы между собой поровну.

    Usually, leavers were not replaced and the caseloads were divided out between the rest of us. — Обычно замены уволившимся не было, и их пациентов распределяли между теми из нас, кто остался.

    Syn:
    5) ( divide from) = divide off разделять, отделять

    I want to build a fence to divide the flower garden from the vegetable garden. — Чтобы отделить цветник от огорода, я хочу построить изгородь.

    This part of the field has been divided off with a fence, to keep the cows in. — Эта часть поля была огорожена плетнём, чтобы коровы не могли выйти за его пределы.

    Tracts of farmland were divided by stone walls. — Земельные участки отделялись друг от друга каменной стеной.

    6) книжн. ( divide from) разъединять, разлучать

    The war divided children from their parents. — Война разлучила детей с родителями.

    Syn:
    7) (divide over / on)
    а) вызывать разногласия, раскол; лишать единства, разделять на фракции

    The Gulf war has divided the Islamic right in Turkey. — Война в заливе вызвала раскол среди правых исламистов в Турции.

    For centuries scholars have been divided on this issue. — Этот вопрос уже несколько веков вызывает разногласия среди учёных.

    Syn:
    б) расходиться во мнениях (по какому-л. вопросу); обнаруживать разногласия, раскол; лишаться единства, разделяться на фракции

    The GOP divided over abortion in 1990. — В 1990 члены республиканской партии разошлись во мнениях по вопросу об абортах.

    Syn:
    8) полит. ставить на голосование; голосовать

    Opposition were afraid to divide upon it. — Оппозиция боялась ставить это на голосование.

    Divide! — Ставьте на голосование! (возглас, требующий прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию)

    Syn:

    The term divides on November 9th. — Серединой семестра считается 9 ноября.

    11) мат.
    а) делить, производить деление

    Twelve divided by four equals / is three. — Двенадцать поделить на четыре, равно трём.

    б) ( divide into) быть во столько-то раз меньше, чем какое-либо число

    Three divides into nine three times. — Три в три раза меньше, чем девять.

    12) тех. градуировать ( измерительный прибор)
    ••

    divide and rule / govern — разделяй и властвуй (политическая максима, которая приписывается Макиавелли)

    two great nations divided by a common language — две великие нации, разделённые общим языком (об англичанах и американцах; данный афоризм приписывается Дж. Б. Шоу или О. Уайльду)

    2. сущ.
    1) граница, рубеж; различие

    the divide between the rich and the poor — разрыв, пропасть между богатыми и бедными

    to bridge the divide — служить мостом, помогать преодолевать различия

    Interpreters bridge the language divide. — Устные переводчики помогают преодолеть языковой барьер.

    The divide between rich and poor countries is widening / growing / increasing. — Пропасть между богатыми и бедными странами становится шире / растёт / увеличивается.

    The doctrine of political equality forms the great divide between parties now as heretofore. — Доктрина политического равенства была и остается рубежом, который разделяет партии.

    2) амер. водораздел

    Continental Divide, Great Divide — Великий континентальный раздел (Скалистые горы, служащие водоразделом рек, впадающих в бассейны Атлантического и Тихого океанов)

    Syn:
    3) делёж, раздел по частям
    ••

    Англо-русский современный словарь > divide

  • 16 divide

    1. I
    1) the road (the street, the path, etc.) divides дорога и т. д. разветвляется; divide and rule разделяй и властвуй
    2. III
    1) divide smth. divide land (a town, a field, the two portions of the estate, etc.) делить землю и т. д.
    2) divide smb. jealousy (a small matter / a trifle /, etc.) divided them причиной их ссоры была ревность и т. д.; а quarrel divided them их разлучила ссора
    3. XI
    1) be divided into smth. a ruler is divided into inches линейка разделена на дюймы, на линейке нанесены деления в один дюйм; be divided among I between / smb., smth. the money was divided among all his heirs деньги были поделены между всеми его наследниками; the prize was divided between two classes приз поделили два класса
    2) be divided on smth. our opinions are divided on this point no атому вопросу наши мнения расходятся; be divided between smth. he is divided between hatred and pity в нем борются ненависть и жалость
    4. XVI
    1) divide into smth. divide into three paragraphs (into three branches, into several parts, into two parties, etc.) делиться /разбиваться/ на три параграфа и т. д.; the river divides into two streams река делится на /образует/ два рукава; these subjects divide" into optional and compulsory эти предметы делятся на факультативные и обязательные; the tourists divided into groups according to their interests туристы разбились на группы в соответствии с интересами
    2) divide by some number 30 divides by 3 (by 10, etc.) тридцать делится на три и т. д.
    3) divide on smth. divide on that point (on the question of education, on the choice of a motto, etc.) расходиться (во мнении) по этому вопросу и т. д.
    4) divide он smth. the House /the Parliament/ divided on this resolution (on the Bill, on his proposal, etc.) в парламенте было проведено голосование по этой резолюции и т. д.
    5. XXI1
    1) divide smth. in (to) (according to) smth. divide a cake into two parts (a town in half, a country into three parts, the earth into two hemispheres, etc.) делить пирог пополам и т.д., divide animals into species классифицировать животных по видам; divide books into sections распределять книги по разделам; divide the story into parts разбивать историю /рассказ/ на части; divide all the correspondence according to the subject разложить всю почту по темам /вопросам/, поднимаемым в письмах; divide smth. among /between/ smb., smth. divide money among several people (one's property between one's heirs, the work among all the members, the profits between partners, etc.) делить /распределять/ деньги между несколькими людьми и т. д.; divide one's time between work and play распределять время между работой и развлечениями, чередовать работу и отдых; divide smth. in some place divide one's hair at the side (in the middle) носить волосы на косой (прямой) пробор
    3) divide smth., smb. from smth., smb. divide a part from the whole (one's land from smb.'s, France from Spain, the sheep from the goats, the sick from the rest, etc.) отделять часть от целого и т. д.; the Channel divides England from the Continent Англию от остальной / континентальной/ части Европы отделяет Ла-Манш
    4) divide smb. on smth. the Opposition does not propose to divide the House on this question оппозиция не собирается ставить этот вопрос на голосование в парламенте

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > divide

  • 17 divide

    dɪˈvaɪd
    1. сущ.
    1) разг. дележ, дележка, раздел на части There is to be the big divide next New Year, but I shan't be in it. ≈ В следующем году намечается грандиозная раздача слонов, но мне этого уже не видать.
    2) амер. геогр. водораздел, водораздельный хребет Great Continental Divide Syn: watershed
    2. гл.
    1) отделять одно от другого а) отделять(ся), разъединять(ся), нарушать целостность( from) (тж. divide off) I want to build a fence to divide the flower garden from the vegetable garden. ≈ Чтобы отделить цветник от сада, мне пришлось построить оградку. This purl of the field has been divided off with a fence, to keep the cows in. ≈ Эта часть поля была огорожена плетнем, чтобы коровы не могли выйти за его пределы. Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians. ≈ Разделено царство твое, и отдано мидянам и персам ( Дан, 5-
    28) The sick were divided from the rest. ≈ Больных отделили от остальных. divide and rule divide and govern б) вызывать разногласия( о предмете дискуссии) ;
    расходиться, не соглашаться( о людях) в) парл. голосовать Opposition were afraid to divide upon it. ≈ Оппозиция боялась ставить это на голосование. divide! divide! divide the House г) прям. перен. рассекать To divide a pathway through such a sea. ≈ Плыть по такому морю. д) сомневаться, колебаться, не иметь единого мнения, не знать, какое решение принять Syn: distract, perplex е) в Кембриджском университете о середине семестра The term divides on November 9th. ≈ Середина семестра 9го ноября. ∙ split up, cleave, break, cut, sunder, part
    2) делить целое на части а) делить(ся), распределяться Divide the cake equally among all the children. ≈ Раздели пирог поровну между детьми. The different responsibilities are divided among the committee members. ≈ Разным членам комитета поручена ответственность за разные участки работы. Syn: deal out, dispense б) разделять, дробить, подразделять;
    делить на группы, классы We commonly divide the people into agricultural and manufacturing. ≈ Обычно мы делим людей на крестьян и рабочих (Гамильтон,
    1845) Syn: class, classify в) тех. градуировать (измерительный прибор) г) мат. делить;
    суж. делиться нацело, без остатка д) делиться, отдавать часть чего-л. кому-л. еще;
    иметь свою часть от чего-л. If you'll be good, you shall divide in everything. ≈ Если будешь добр, у тебя будет все. ∙ divide the hoof Syn: allocate, allot, apportion, assign, distribute, ration Ant: commingle, connect, fuse, unify водораздел граница, рубеж - the continental * between Europe and Asia континентальная граница между Европой и Азией (разговорное) дележ;
    распределение > the Grand /Great/ D. (американизм) Скалистые горы;
    смерть > to go over the D. (американизм) перейти в мир иной, умереть делить, разделять - to * smth. in two делить что-л. пополам - to * smth. (into three parts) разделить что-л. (на три части) - to * one's hair in the middle носить волосы на прямой пробор - *d between hatred and pity (образное) со смешанным чувством ненависти и жалости делиться, разбиваться на части - to * into smaller groups разбиться на более мелкие группы - to * at the mouth образовывать дельту (о реке) (математика) делить, производить деление - to * 60 by 12, to * 12 into 60 разделить 60 на 12 (математика) быть делителем - 9 *s into 36, 36 *s by9 36 делится на 9 (математика) делиться без остатка классифицировать;
    подразделять - to * words into simple, derived and compound делить слова на простые, производные и сложные отделять;
    отрезать;
    отрывать - to * two houses отделять два дома друг от друга (стеной и т. п.) - to * fancy from fact отличать вымысел от истины - to * smb. from the world отрезать кого-л. от мира - to * the sheep from the goats (библеизм) отделить овец от козлищ отделять, служить преградой - the railing that *ed the spectators from the court перила, которые отделяли зрителей от суда - the mountains that * France from Spain горы, разделяющие Францию и Испанию распределять;
    производить дележ - to * the profits among /between/ them поделить прибыль между ними - to * smth. with a friend поделиться чем-л. с другом - to * one's time between work and play распределять время между работой и развлечениями - we * the work among us мы распределяем (всю) работу между собой рассредоточивать (внимание) - to * one's attention between two things думать одновременно о двух вещах вызвать разногласия, расхождения во мнениях - to be *d in opinion разойтись во взглядах - opinions are *d on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся - my mind is *d on the point у меня сомнения /я не принял решения/ по этому вопросу расходиться во мнениях, обнаруживать разногласия - the parties *d on the point партии разошлись во мнениях по этому вопросу - a party *d against itself партия, раздираемая разногласиями - a House *d against itself палата, не сумевшая прийти к общему /единому/ мнению (парламентское) голосовать, ставить на голосование, проводить голосование - to * the House провести голосование в палате - D.!, D.! ставьте на голосование! (парламентское) разделять на группы при голосовании (парламентское) вызывать разделение голосов - the proposal *d the meeting при голосовании этого предложения голоса участников собрания разделились (специальное) градуировать, наносить деления на шкалу (техническое) измельчать, диспергировать > * and rule разделяй и властвуй the Great Divide смерть;
    to cross the Great Divide умереть divide амер. водораздел ~ вызывать разногласия;
    расходиться (во взглядах) ;
    opinions are divided on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся ~ вызывать разногласия ~ вызывать расхождения во мнениях ~ парл. голосовать;
    divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
    to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ парл. голосовать;
    divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
    to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ парл. голосовать;
    divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
    to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ голосовать, ставить на голосование ~ голосовать ~ градуировать, наносить деления (на шкалу) ~ граница ~ мат. делить;
    делиться без остатка;
    sixty divided by twelve is five шестьдесят, деленное на двенадцать, равняется пяти ~ делить(ся) ;
    разделяться;
    to divide into several parts (among several persons) разделить на несколько частей( между несколькими лицами) ~ делить ~ классифицировать ~ отделять(-ся) ;
    разъединять(ся) ~ отделять ~ подразделять;
    дробить ~ подразделять ~ проводить голосование ~ разг. разделение;
    дележ ~ разделять ~ распределять (among, between) ;
    делиться (with) ~ распределять ~ рассредоточивать ~ расходиться во мнениях ~ ставить на голосование ~ делить(ся) ;
    разделяться;
    to divide into several parts (among several persons) разделить на несколько частей (между несколькими лицами) ~ парл. голосовать;
    divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
    to divide the House провести поименное голосование house: to divide the ~ парл. провести поименное голосование;
    to make a house обеспечить кворум( в палате общин) the Great Divide перевал в Скалистых горах the Great Divide смерть;
    to cross the Great Divide умереть ~ вызывать разногласия;
    расходиться (во взглядах) ;
    opinions are divided on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся ~ мат. делить;
    делиться без остатка;
    sixty divided by twelve is five шестьдесят, деленное на двенадцать, равняется пяти

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > divide

  • 18 divide

    1. [dıʹvaıd] n
    1. 1) водораздел
    2) граница, рубеж

    the continental divide between Europe and Asia - континентальная граница между Европой и Азией

    2. разг. делёж; распределение

    ♢ the Grand /Great/ Divide - амер. а) Скалистые горы; б) смерть

    to go over the Divide амер. перейти в мир иной, умереть

    2. [dıʹvaıd] v
    1. 1) делить, разделять

    to divide smth. in two - делить что-л. пополам

    to divide smth. (into three parts) - разделить что-л. (на три части)

    to divide one's hair in the middle [at the side] - носить волосы на прямой [на косой] пробор

    divided between hatred and pity - образн. со смешанным чувством ненависти и жалости

    2) делиться, разбиваться на части
    2. мат.
    1) делить, производить деление

    to divide 60 by 12, to divide 12 into 60 - разделить 60 на 12

    2) быть делителем

    9 divides into 36,36 divides by 9 - 36 делится на 9

    3) делиться без остатка
    3. классифицировать; подразделять

    to divide words into simple, derived and compound - делить слова на простые, производные и сложные

    4. 1) отделять; отрезать; отрывать

    to divide smb. from the world - отрезать кого-л. от мира

    to divide the sheep from the goats - библ. отделить овец от козлищ

    2) отделять, служить преградой

    the railing that divideed the spectators from the court - перила, которые отделяли зрителей от суда

    the mountains that divide France from Spain - горы, разделяющие Францию и Испанию

    5. 1) распределять; производить делёж

    to divide the profits among /between/ them - поделить прибыль между ними

    to divide smth. with a friend - поделиться чем-л. с другом

    to divide one's time between work and play - распределять время между работой и развлечениями

    2) рассредоточивать ( внимание)

    to divide one's attention between two things - думать одновременно о двух вещах

    6. 1) вызвать разногласия, расхождения во мнениях

    my mind is divided on the point - у меня сомнения /я не принял решения/ по этому вопросу

    2) расходиться во мнениях, обнаруживать разногласия

    the parties divided on the point - партии разошлись во мнениях по этому вопросу

    a party divided against itself - партия, раздираемая разногласиями

    a House divided against itself - палата, не сумевшая прийти к общему /единому/ мнению

    7. парл.
    1) голосовать, ставить на голосование, проводить голосование

    Divide!, Divide! - ставьте на голосование!

    2) разделять на группы при голосовании
    3) вызывать разделение голосов

    the proposal divided the meeting - при голосовании этого предложения голоса участников собрания разделились

    8. спец. градуировать, наносить деления на шкалу
    9. тех. измельчать, диспергировать

    ♢ divide and rule - разделяй и властвуй

    НБАРС > divide

  • 19 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
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    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
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    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
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    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
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    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

  • 20 share and share alike

    1. adv phr
    на равных правах, поровну, в равных долях (обыкн. употр. с гл. to go); см. тж. go fifty-fifty

    ‘Now, if you have anything really reasonable to offer I would be glad to hear it...’ ‘Share and share alike, and three-fourths of the remainder,’ repeated Cowperwood, grimly. (Th. Dreiser, ‘The Titan’, ch. XIII) — - Если у вас имеется какое-нибудь разумное предложение, я охотно его выслушаю... - Все акции пополам и три четверти остатка, - твердо повторил Каупервуд.

    At her death my father's money is divided equally among us share and share alike. (A. Christie, ‘Appointment with Death’, part I, ch. 8) — После смерти матери деньги отца будут разделены поровну между нами.

    He left three grandchildren. One of them, a girl, was completely cut off by the will. The other two divided the property share and share alike. (E. S. Gardner, ‘The Case of the Caretaker's Cat’, ch. 1) — У Лекстера остались внучка и два внука. Внучку он лишил наследства, завещав всю свою собственность внукам в равных долях.

    2. v phr
    делить поровну, пополам, вносить равную долю

    You may battle round with mates for many years, and share and share alike, good times or hard, and find the said mates true and straight through it all... (H. Lawson, ‘While the Billy Boils’, ‘For Auld Lang Syne’) — Можно многие годы сражаться бок о бок со своими товарищами, делить с ними и плохое и хорошее, каждый раз убеждаясь в их благородстве и преданности...

    I don't mind your soaking the Krauts. But from now on, you'll share and share alike. (S. Heym, ‘The Crusaders’, book VI, ch. 5) — Я не возражаю против того, чтобы вы доили фрицев. Но отныне вам придется делить ваши прибыли - и делить честно, пополам.

    Suppose you keep out of the thing till it's all over and share and share alike with the Committee on campaign expenses. (F. Norris, ‘The Octopus’, book I, ch. V) — Допустим, ты будешь стоять в стороне, пока это дело не закончится, а затем возместишь комитету половину расходов.

    Large English-Russian phrasebook > share and share alike

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